Annotations
A-01-03 - The aluminium stick curtain wall system is a popular choice for high-rise buildings, providing a sleek and modern facade. This system consists of vertical and horizontal aluminium framing members (mullions and transoms) that are assembled on-site to form a grid. The grid is then infilled with glass, metal panels, or other materials to create the exterior wall. The framing members are made from high-strength aluminium, which is lightweight, durable, and resistant to corrosion. The stick system is assembled on-site, allowing for flexibility in design and easy adjustments during construction. This method is particularly suitable for complex building shapes and designs. The infill panels can include various types of glazing, such as double or triple-glazed units, to enhance thermal and acoustic performance. The glazing is typically sealed with gaskets and sealants to ensure weather tightness. For buildings over 18 metres, the curtain wall system must comply with fire safety regulations. This includes using fire-resistant materials and ensuring proper compartmentation to prevent the spread of fire. Consultation with a fire engineer is essential to determine the specific requirements. The system can be designed to include thermal breaks and insulation to improve energy efficiency and reduce heat loss. The aluminium framing can be powder-coated or anodised in various colours and finishes to match the architectural design of the building. The curtain wall system is designed for minimal maintenance, with easy access for cleaning and repairs.
D-01-01 - Aluminium Support Bracket, Fixed Point. The primary function of the aluminium support bracket is to prevent both vertical and horizontal movement of the mullion that is directly attached to it, ensuring a secure and stable connection. This is in contrast to the Sliding Point Bracket, which allows for vertical movement. Designed for use in curtain wall systems, it can be either a system bracket or a bespoke solution, tailored to meet specific project requirements. These brackets provide essential support and stability for the curtain wall, ensuring the structural integrity of the system. Made from high-strength aluminium, they offer excellent durability and resistance to corrosion, making them ideal for various applications in building façades.
D-05-01 - Stainless Steel Support Bracket, Fixed Point. The stainless steel support bracket is designed for use with precast concrete panels, providing a secure and stable connection. This fixed point bracket prevents both vertical and horizontal movement of the attached panel, ensuring structural integrity and stability. Made from high-quality stainless steel, the bracket offers excellent resistance to corrosion and environmental factors. It ensures a fixed and stable attachment, preventing movement and maintaining the alignment of the precast concrete panels. Suitable for various construction applications, particularly in curtain wall systems and other façade installations, the bracket can be finished to match the design requirements of the building, ensuring a cohesive appearance. The use of stainless steel support brackets enhances the overall performance and longevity of precast concrete panel systems, contributing to a robust and visually appealing structure.
E-03-01 - Stainless Steel Cast-In Channel. The stainless steel cast-in channel is a critical component in various construction applications, providing a secure and adjustable anchorage point within concrete structures. These channels are embedded into the concrete during the casting process, allowing for flexible attachment of structural elements and façade components.
Made from high-quality stainless steel, the cast-in channels offer excellent resistance to corrosion and environmental factors, ensuring long-lasting performance. They are designed to accommodate various types of fasteners and connectors, providing a versatile solution for securing elements to the concrete structure. The channels can be used in a wide range of projects, from building facades to heavy machinery installations, contributing to the overall stability and integrity of the construction. Proper installation of the cast-in channels is essential to ensure their effectiveness and reliability in supporting loads and maintaining structural alignment.
E-03-02 - Stainless Steel T-Bolt (Nut + Washer). The stainless steel T-bolt is designed for use with cast-in channels, providing a secure and adjustable fastening solution. This T-bolt assembly includes a nut and washer, ensuring a stable and reliable connection. The T-bolt is inserted into the cast-in channel, allowing for flexible attachment of structural elements and façade components. Made from high-quality stainless steel, the T-bolt offers excellent resistance to corrosion and environmental factors, ensuring long-lasting performance. The nut and washer provide additional stability and security, preventing loosening under dynamic loads. This assembly is ideal for various construction applications, contributing to the overall stability and integrity of the structure. Proper installation of the T-bolt in the cast-in channel is essential to ensure its effectiveness and reliability in supporting loads and maintaining structural alignment.
F-05-01 - Frame Anchor. The frame anchor is designed for securing brackets that support fire stops and cavity closers, ensuring a robust and reliable connection. Made from high-strength materials, these anchors provide excellent resistance to corrosion and environmental factors, making them suitable for both indoor and outdoor applications. The frame anchor is inserted into pre-drilled holes in the substrate (e.g., concrete, masonry, or metal) and then expanded or screwed into place to create a secure attachment. This ensures that the brackets, and consequently the fire stops and cavity closers, remain firmly in place, maintaining the integrity and safety of the building's façade system. Proper installation of frame anchors is essential for ensuring the effectiveness of fire stops and cavity closers, contributing to the overall fire safety and thermal performance of the building.
G-02-01 – Window membrane around the windows and any connection of sheathing board to primary framework to be sealed with EPDM membrane. The window membrane is a crucial element for ensuring the airtight and watertight integrity of the building envelope around windows. This membrane, made from EPDM (ethylene propylene diene monomer), is used to seal the connections between the window frame and the sheathing board, as well as any other junctions with the primary framework. For buildings over 18 metres high, the membrane must be a certified product achieving a minimum fire performance class of B-s3, d0, ensuring it meets stringent fire safety standards. For buildings below 18 metres, this classification is not regulated. The installation requires a minimum overlap of 75mm between the sheathing boards to ensure a continuous barrier against moisture and air infiltration. Additionally, a non-flammable primer should be applied to the surfaces before attaching the membrane to enhance adhesion and durability. Proper installation of the window membrane is essential to maintain the building's energy efficiency and protect against environmental elements.
G-04-01 - Mineral Wool Insulation Slab for External Cavity Application. The mineral wool insulation slab is designed for use in external cavity applications, providing excellent thermal and acoustic insulation. This certified product must achieve a fire rating of A2-s1, d0 or better for buildings over 18 metres in height, ensuring it has limited combustibility, produces minimal smoke, and no flaming droplets. For buildings below 18 metres, this specific fire performance classification is not regulated. The insulation slab should be tailored to fit the specified cavity dimensions, ensuring a snug and effective installation. It is recommended to use a product with a thermal conductivity (k-value) of ≤ 0.035 W/mK to ensure high thermal performance, contributing to the building's energy efficiency. Proper installation of the mineral wool insulation slab is crucial for maintaining the building's thermal envelope and enhancing overall comfort and safety.
H-02-01 - Double glazed unit (DGU-1). The double glazed unit is designed to provide enhanced thermal and acoustic insulation, improving the energy efficiency and comfort of the building. It consists of two panes of glass, separated by an air or gas-filled space. The overall thickness of the unit can vary, depending on the specific performance requirements and framing system. The unit is sealed using a dual-seal system with silicone or other durable sealants to ensure long-term performance and prevent moisture ingress. The double glazed unit can achieve a U-value significantly lower than single glazing, reducing heat loss and improving energy efficiency. Additionally, the unit can be filled with inert gases such as argon or krypton to further enhance its thermal performance. For buildings over 18 metres in height, the double glazed unit must comply with fire safety regulations, achieving a minimum fire performance class of B-s3, d0. This ensures limited combustibility and minimal smoke production, contributing to the overall safety of the building.
H-04-01 - Aluminium spandrel panel (ASP-1). The aluminium spandrel panel is designed to be inserted into the curtain wall system. These panels are typically used to cover the floor slabs and conceal the building's structural elements, providing a seamless and aesthetically pleasing facade. Made from high-strength aluminium, the spandrel panels offer durability and resistance to corrosion. They are often powder-coated or anodised to match the building's design, ensuring a cohesive appearance. The use of aluminium spandrel panels enhances the thermal performance and energy efficiency of the building by providing an additional layer of insulation.
I-02-02 – Brick. The brick element is designed for use in precast panels or as part of brick-slip cladding systems, providing the aesthetic appeal of traditional brickwork without the need for full masonry construction. These bricks or brick slips are lightweight, durable, and easy to install, making them ideal for modern building façades. They offer a cost-effective and versatile solution for achieving the look of classic brickwork while ensuring high performance and ease of maintenance.
I-07-02 - Precast Concrete Beam. The precast concrete beam is a decorative façade element designed to enhance the aesthetic appeal of a building. Manufactured off-site, it offers high-quality finishes and consistent detailing. While non-structural, it provides the appearance of traditional beams, adding architectural character to the façade. Customisable in texture and finish, it is a durable and low-maintenance solution for modern construction projects.
I-07-03 - Precast Concrete Column. The precast concrete column is a non-structural, decorative element used to create the visual effect of traditional columns on building façades. Produced off-site, it ensures high-quality finishes and precise detailing. Available in a variety of textures and finishes, it adds architectural interest while being durable and easy to maintain. Ideal for enhancing the aesthetic appeal of both contemporary and classic designs.
J-01-01 - Aluminium Flashing. The aluminium flashing is a durable and weather-resistant component designed to prevent water ingress at junctions and transitions in the building envelope. Made from high-quality, powder-coated aluminium, it offers excellent resistance to corrosion and weathering. The flashing is strategically installed to direct water away from vulnerable areas, ensuring the long-term integrity and performance of the structure. Compliant with UK building standards, it is a reliable solution for maintaining a watertight and durable façade.
J-02-01 - Aluminium sill (thickness 2mm). The aluminium window sill is designed to provide effective water runoff and protect the building facade. The sill is made from durable, powder-coated aluminium, ensuring resistance to weathering and corrosion. The minimum overhang from the external wall surface is 30mm or 40mm, depending on the wall material and applicable UK standards. This overhang helps to direct water away from the wall, preventing potential damage and maintaining the integrity of the building envelope.
L-01-01 - Internal wall finish. The internal finish involves using panels to create a smooth and even surface for the final decorative layer. Key considerations include moisture control, where a layer is installed to manage the amount of moist air passing through the building, reducing the risk of condensation and improving air tightness. Panels should be attached to the supporting structure using appropriate fasteners, ensuring all edges are properly supported, and installation should follow relevant standards. Joints between panels should be taped and filled to create a seamless finish, which can involve using tape for plastered finishes or specially designed edges for direct finishes. In areas prone to moisture, such as bathrooms, moisture-resistant panels should be used to prevent damage and ensure longevity. For buildings under 18 metres in height, standard panels are typically sufficient, as the stringent fire resistance requirements for taller buildings do not apply.
L-01-03 - Ceiling build up. The ceiling build up refers to the layered construction of the ceiling system, designed to provide structural support, acoustic insulation, and aesthetic appeal. This build up typically includes various components such as structural framing, insulation materials, acoustic panels, and finishing layers. The specific configuration can vary depending on the performance requirements and design specifications of the building. The ceiling build up ensures that the ceiling system meets the necessary standards for safety, comfort, and visual integration with the overall interior design.
M-01-02 - Horizontal closed state cavity fire barrier. To suit denoted cavity subject to fire engineer confirming the EI requirements
M-03-01 - Support bracket for cavity fire barrier. The support bracket for the cavity fire barrier is a crucial component designed to securely hold the fire barrier in place within the cavity wall. This bracket ensures that the fire barrier remains properly positioned, providing effective compartmentalization and preventing the spread of fire and smoke. Made from durable, non-combustible materials, the support bracket is engineered to withstand high temperatures and maintain its structural integrity during a fire. Proper installation of the support bracket is essential to ensure the fire barrier functions as intended, contributing to the overall fire safety of the building.
Z-01-01 - Concrete slab. The concrete slab is a fundamental structural element used in both ground-supported and suspended applications. It provides a solid, durable surface that supports loads and distributes them evenly across the foundation or supporting structure. The slab is typically reinforced with steel rebar or mesh to enhance its strength and prevent cracking. The thickness of the slab can vary depending on the specific requirements of the project, but it generally ranges from 100mm to 250mm. For ground-supported slabs, proper preparation of the subgrade is essential to ensure stability and prevent settlement. This includes compacting the soil and adding a layer of gravel or sand for drainage. For suspended slabs, formwork and temporary supports are used during the pouring and curing process to maintain the slab's shape and position. The concrete mix should be designed to achieve the required strength and durability, taking into account factors such as load-bearing capacity, exposure conditions, and environmental factors. Proper curing of the concrete is crucial to achieve the desired performance and longevity of the slab.
Z-02-01 - Steel Column. The steel column is a primary structural element designed to support vertical loads in buildings and other structures. It transfers loads from the structure above to the foundation, ensuring stability and strength. Typically made from high-strength steel, the column is engineered to resist compression, bending, and buckling. Its dimensions and design vary depending on the project's load requirements and architectural specifications. Steel columns are often used in combination with other structural elements to create robust and efficient frameworks, offering durability and flexibility in construction.
Z-02-02 - Steel Beam. The steel beam is a key structural component used to support horizontal loads and span gaps between supports in buildings and structures. Known for its high strength-to-weight ratio, it provides excellent load-bearing capacity and flexibility in design. Steel beams are typically fabricated from rolled or welded sections, tailored to meet specific project requirements. They are essential for creating durable and efficient frameworks, offering resistance to bending and shear forces. Proper installation and connection to other structural elements ensure the overall stability and performance of the construction.